Ontological Engineering: Difference between revisions

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Further readings and examples of video lectures from previous courses are provided below
Further readings and examples of video lectures from previous courses are provided below
Ontologies are an important tool in all areas where data is collected and described by different groups in different ways. Ontologies provide taxonomy-based computerized lexica used to describe diverse bodies of data. They thereby help to aggregate and compare data, to make data more easily discoverable, and to allow large bodies of data to be more effectively searched and analyzed. Ontologies also play an important role in the so-called Semantic Web, where the Web Ontology Language (OWL) forms a central building block in the stack of web technology standards created by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).
UB ontologists are involved in a variety of national and international projects in the military, healthcare, bioscience, engineering, transport and financial domains. There is an [http://www.academia.edu/2824018/Creating_the_ontologists_of_the_future acknowledged shortage] of persons with ontological engineering expertise in all these fields, and in related fields such as journalism, manufacturing and government administration. UB ontologists also work closely with [http://www.cubrc.org/index.php/data-science-and-information-fusion/ontology CUBRC], a Buffalo research, development, testing and systems integration company specializing in the areas of Data Science and Information Fusion; Chemical, Biological and Medical Sciences; and Aeronautics.


== '''Provisional list of topics to be addressed''' ==
== '''Provisional list of topics to be addressed''' ==
Line 41: Line 46:
:14. Presentations of Student Projects 1
:14. Presentations of Student Projects 1
:15. Presentations of Student Projects 2
:15. Presentations of Student Projects 2
== '''Background''' ==
Ontologies are an important tool in all areas where data is collected and described by different groups in different ways. Ontologies provide taxonomy-based computerized lexica used to describe diverse bodies of data. They thereby help to aggregate and compare data, to make data more easily discoverable, and to allow large bodies of data to be more effectively searched and analyzed. Ontologies also play an important role in the so-called Semantic Web, where the Web Ontology Language (OWL) forms a central building block in the stack of web technology standards created by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).
UB ontologists are involved in a variety of national and international projects in the military, healthcare, bioscience, engineering, transport and financial domains. There is an [http://www.academia.edu/2824018/Creating_the_ontologists_of_the_future acknowledged shortage] of persons with ontological engineering expertise in all these fields, and in related fields such as journalism, manufacturing and government administration. UB ontologists also work closely with [http://www.cubrc.org/index.php/data-science-and-information-fusion/ontology CUBRC], a Buffalo research, development, testing and systems integration company specializing in the areas of Data Science and Information Fusion; Chemical, Biological and Medical Sciences; and Aeronautics.


----
----
== '''Sample videos''' ==
== '''Sample videos''' ==


'''Ontology: A Brief Introduction'''  
*'''Ontology: A Brief Introduction'''  
:We will begin by addressing questions such as: What is an ontology? What are the differences and interrelations between ontology (philosophy), ontology (science), and ontology (engineering)? How are ontologies used?
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/1-Introduction-to-Ontology.pptx Slides]
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/1-Introduction-to-Ontology.pptx Slides]
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/Videos/1-Basic-Introduction.mp4 Video]
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/Videos/1-Basic-Introduction.mp4 Video]
Line 61: Line 59:


*'''Ontology as a Solution to the Problem of Data Integration'''
*'''Ontology as a Solution to the Problem of Data Integration'''
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/4-How-to-integrate-data.pptx Slides]  
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/4-How-to-integrate-data.pptx Slides]  
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/Videos/4-Integrating-Data.mp4 Video]  
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/Videos/4-Integrating-Data.mp4 Video]  


'''Object Based Production (OBP): Use of Ontologies in Tracking Systems'''
*'''Object Based Production (OBP): Use of Ontologies in Tracking Systems'''
 
:''Basics of Referent Tracking (RT)''
:Presenter: [http://www.referent-tracking.com/RTU/?page=ceusters_vita Werner Ceusters]
 
:A referent tracking system (RTS) is a special kind of digital information system that is designed to keep track of both (1) what is the case in reality and (2) what is expressed in other information systems about what is believed to be the case in reality. An RTS also keeps track of how changes in the information system correspond to changes in the reality outside that system. We will provide an introduction to referent tracking and its implementations.
 
*Reading: [[How to track absolutely everything]]
 
*'''Basics of Referent Tracking (RT)'''
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/11-Basics-of-Referent-Tracking.pptx Slides]  
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/11-Basics-of-Referent-Tracking.pptx Slides]  
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/Videos/11-Referent-Tracking.mp4 Video]
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/Videos/11-Referent-Tracking.mp4 Video]
 
:''Referent Tracking and Video Surveillance''
*'''Referent Tracking and Video Surveillance'''
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/12-RT-and-Video-Surveillance.pptx Slides]  
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/12-RT-and-Video-Surveillance.pptx Slides]  
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/Videos/12-Video-Surveillance.mp4 Video]
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/Videos/12-Video-Surveillance.mp4 Video]
 
:''Referent Tracking and Data Descriptions''
*'''Referent Tracking and Data Descriptions'''
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/13-RT-and-Data-descriptions.pptx Slides]
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/13-RT-and-Data-descriptions.pptx Slides]
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/Videos/13-Data-Descriptions.mp4 Video]
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/Videos/13-Data-Descriptions.mp4 Video]
*'''How to build an ontology 1'''
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2014/IE500/5-HowToBuildAnOntology-Sep2014.ppt Slides]
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2014/IE500/5-HowToBuildAnOntology1-Video.mp4 Video]


*'''Military ontology'''
*'''Military ontology'''
Line 95: Line 79:
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/Videos/19-Military-Operations.mp4 Video2]
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/Videos/19-Military-Operations.mp4 Video2]


*'''How to build an ontology 2'''
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2014/IE500/7-HowToBuildAnOntology2-Oct2014.ppt Slides]
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2014/IE500/6-HowToBuildAnOntology2-Video.mp4 Video]
The Airs Suite of Ontologies and their use in annotating intelligence data. Information artifacts: Publications, databases, passports, emails. The Email Ontology. Minimal Information Checklists
*'''An Introduction to BFO's Treatment of Information Artifacts'''
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/21-IAO-and-BFO.pptx Slides
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/Videos/21-Information-Artifact-Ontology-BFO-roots.mp4 Video]
----
==An Overview of Ontology Projects in Military Domains==
:We will begin with a video [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OzW3Gc_yA9A Introduction to Semantic Technology in the DoD Business Mission Area] by Denis Wisnosky]. We will then describe how ontology is being used for the horizontal integration of warfighter intelligence data within the framework of the US Army’s Distributed Common Ground System Standard Cloud (DSC) initiative. We outline how ontologies are being applied to bring about what we call the ‘semantic enhancement’ of data models used within each intelligence discipline. We then show how the strategy can help to overcome tendencies to stovepiping of intelligence data, and thus to help connecting the dots across different information sources.
*'''BFO and the Command Post of the Future'''
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/26-BFO-CPOF.pptx Slides]
:[http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/Videos/26-BFO-CPOF.mp4 Video]


*4. How to Integrate Data [http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/4-How-to-integrate-data.pptx Slides] [http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/Videos/4-Integrating-Data.mp4 Video]
*4. How to Integrate Data [http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/4-How-to-integrate-data.pptx Slides] [http://ncor.buffalo.edu/2013/IE500/Videos/4-Integrating-Data.mp4 Video]

Revision as of 19:11, 23 December 2017

Title: PHI 598 / IE 500: Ontological Engineering, Spring 2018.

Registration:

Class#: 23854 (PHI)
Class#: 23450 (ENG)
Off-campus students: Registration details are provided under Part Time/Graduate here.

Instructor: Barry Smith

Office hours: By appointment via email at phismith@buffalo.edu

The Course

The aim of the course is to provide an introduction to the methods and uses of ontological engineering, focusing on applications in areas such as military intelligence, healthcare, and document processing. It will provide an overview of how ontologies are created and used, together with practical experience in the development of ontologies and in the use of associated web technology standards. It will also address some of the human factors underlying the success and failure of ontology projects, including issues of ontology governance and dissemination.

The course is built out of fifteen 3-credit-hour sessions, each consisting of an on-line video lectures, video presentations created by students, and discussion sessions covering the topics of each lecture.

Text: Robert Arp, Barry Smith and Andrew Spear, Building Ontologies with Basic Formal Ontology, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, August 2015

Further readings and examples of video lectures from previous courses are provided below


Ontologies are an important tool in all areas where data is collected and described by different groups in different ways. Ontologies provide taxonomy-based computerized lexica used to describe diverse bodies of data. They thereby help to aggregate and compare data, to make data more easily discoverable, and to allow large bodies of data to be more effectively searched and analyzed. Ontologies also play an important role in the so-called Semantic Web, where the Web Ontology Language (OWL) forms a central building block in the stack of web technology standards created by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).

UB ontologists are involved in a variety of national and international projects in the military, healthcare, bioscience, engineering, transport and financial domains. There is an acknowledged shortage of persons with ontological engineering expertise in all these fields, and in related fields such as journalism, manufacturing and government administration. UB ontologists also work closely with CUBRC, a Buffalo research, development, testing and systems integration company specializing in the areas of Data Science and Information Fusion; Chemical, Biological and Medical Sciences; and Aeronautics.

Provisional list of topics to be addressed

1. Introduction to Ontology and the Semantic Web
2. Big Data and How to Overcome the Problems it Causes
3. Ontology, AI and Robotics
4. Services, Commodities, Infrastructure
5. Product Life Cycle Ontology
6. Ontology and Information Engineering in the Healthcare Domain
7. The Science of Document Informatics
8. Finance Ontology
9. The Ontology of Plans
10. Ontology of Military Logistics
11. Ontology and Intelligence Analysis
12. Ontology and Data Fusion
13. Ontology of Terrorism
14. Presentations of Student Projects 1
15. Presentations of Student Projects 2

Sample videos

  • Ontology: A Brief Introduction
Slides
Video
  • Ontology: From Philosophy to Engineering
Slides
Video
  • Ontology as a Solution to the Problem of Data Integration
Slides
Video
  • Object Based Production (OBP): Use of Ontologies in Tracking Systems
Basics of Referent Tracking (RT)
Slides
Video
Referent Tracking and Video Surveillance
Slides
Video
Referent Tracking and Data Descriptions
Slides
Video
  • Military ontology
Slides1
Video1
Slides2
Video2


6. Documents and Document Acts

  • What is a document?
Slides
Video (to be edited)
  • Document Acts and the Ontology of Social Reality
Video
What can we do with documents? What can we do with digital documents that we can't do with paper documents?What is a diagram? How can we extend the technology of optical character recognition (OCR) to comprehend also the graphical content of documents?
  • Reading
Mining images in biomedical publications
Finding and accessing diagrams in biomedical publications

7. The Semantic Web

  • Ontology and the Semantic Web
The term "Semantic Web" was introduced by Tim Berners-Lee and others in the late 1990's (1, 2) and first popularized in a paper in 2001 in Scientific American (see below). Berners-Lee summarizes the idea as "a web of data that can be processed directly and indirectly by machines", an extension of the web of documents primarily intended for consumption by people.
Slides
Video

Presentations by Alan Ruttenberg

  • Semantic Web Vision and History
[shttp://ncor.buffalo.edu/2014/IE500/9-Vision-History.pptx Slides]
[1]
  • Technology of the Semantic Web
Slides
Video
  • Ontology and the Semantic Web
Slides
Video

Preliminary Reading and Video Materials

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