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| PHI 589: Special Topic: Philosophy for the Intelligence Analyst
| | Go to: [[Intelligence Analysis: A Philosophical Introduction]] |
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| '''Registration''':
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| :Class#: [http://www.buffalo.edu/class-schedule?switch=showclass&semester=spring&division=GRAD&dept=PHI®num=XXXXX XXXXX] (PHI)
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| '''Instructors'': [http://ontology.buffalo.edu/smith/shortcv.htm Barry Smith], [http://davidglimbaugh.com/ David Limbaugh]
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| '''Prerequisites''': Open to all persons with an undergraduate degree.
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| '''Office hours''': By appointment via email at [mailto:phismith@buffalo.edu phismith@buffalo.edu]
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| == '''The Course''' ==
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| '''Course Description:''' The aim of the course is to provide an introduction to philosophy by focusing on a series of topics of interest to intelligence analysts. This will include topics and motivating examples in areas such as: the cognitive processes involved in intelligence analyst, the different types of evidence, the definition of 'classification' and 'clearance', the goals of intelligence analysis, statistical aspects of analytic reasoning, analytic reasong and deep learning. Philosophical ideas introduced and used will include those of epistemology, social ontology, cognitive ontology, and the philosophy of computing and information.
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| '''Course Structure:''' This will be a three credit hour graduate seminar. The final session will be structured around youtube videos created by the students in the class. In addition, components of each three-hour seminar will be incorporated into a series of on-line videos.
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| '''Schedule:'''
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| ==August 27: Introduction to Ontology==
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| :What is an ontology?
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| :Key elements of an ontology
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| :What are ontologies useful for?
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/wmdex6j6xulekx31yc3tju5r9pdzjmk0 Slides]
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| [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9AsRE437e7I Video]
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| First class assignment: write a 2-page essay summarizing the key elements of an ontology as identified in the lecture and comparing them to the view of an ontology offered in [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4652617/ Hoehndorf, Schofield & Gkoutos, 2015]). Deadline: noon, September 6.
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| Advance reading (prior to September 10 lecture): 1. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3041577/ Scheuermann, Ceusters and Smith, 2009]. 2. [https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-biodatasci-080917-013459 Haendel ''et. al.'', 2018]
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| ==September 3: Labor Day – No class==
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| ==September 10 Basic Formal Ontology==
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| :Top-level ontologies
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| :Introduction to BFO
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| BFO can be reviewed [http://www.ontobee.org/ontology/bfo here]
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/4nkf3nykjqgb7dbuquc7qiaagsixmxx7 Slides] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9LVfIgBpuaY Video]
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| Advance reading (prior to September 24 lecture): [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3912703/ SW Smith and Koppel, 2014]
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| ==September 17: Ontology and Information Engineering in the Healthcare Domain==
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| :Ontology look-alikes
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| :Use of ontology and look-alikes in biomedical applications
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| :BFO as benchmark for biomedical Information Engineering (IE)
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| [http://www.referent-tracking.com/RTU/files/BMI508-PHI598-20180917-Ontology-and-Healthcare-IE-covered.pptx Slides]
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| Second class assignment: Summarize in a 2-page essay the problems discussed in ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3912703/ SW Smith and Koppel, 2014]) and describe how Basic Formal Ontology can assist in dealing solving them
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| Advance reading (prior to October 1 lecture): [https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2014/134023/ Merelli, ''et al'', 2014]
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| ==September 24: Ontology of Disease==
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| :Disease from the clinician’s perspective,
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| :Ontological approaches to disease,
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| :The [http://www.ontobee.org/ontology/ogms Ontology for General Medical Science]
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| [http://www.referent-tracking.com/RTU/files/BMI508-PHI598-20180924-Ontology-of-Disease.pptx Slides]
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| Third class assignment: Summarize in a 2-page essay the issues discussed in pages 16-21 of [https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-biodatasci-080917-013459 Haendel ''et. al.'', 2018] and describe how the framework offered by [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3041577/ Scheuermann, Ceusters and Smith, 2009] might resolve them.
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| Advance reading (prior to September 17 lecture): Chapters 5 and 6 of Arp, Smith and Spear, 2016
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| ==October 1: Disease / Aging / Ontology Building ==
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| Ontology of Disease (Continued)
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/e19121ir7g10uvkpmgjp881qu8t6s8rk Slides]
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/pwsqct5xmjlave0ivhhn8c3sborqp2s5 Video]
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| Ontology of Aging
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/1pg9hjg8qurqrovtvjfl38nilheyqq4u Slides]
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/0omqle9eq4upir02owjxbyyk18jkdsmh Video]
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| Ontology Building
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/w2is3tp3h0ef8yf3hpg9wkfs9brrqn1p Slides] [https://buffalo.box.com/s/hgfmxwdwlq05yptyp93ieq5haakde8zx Video]
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| Reading:
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| :[https://philpapers.org/rec/SCHTAO-29 Toward an Ontological Treatment of Disease and Diagnosis]
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| ==October 8: Introduction to Protégé ==
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| [https://protege.stanford.edu/ Protégé] is the leading open-source ontology editor
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| This class taught by [https://www.linkedin.com/in/brian-donohue-72318973/ Brian Donohue]
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/pb0bb6tc7dxfbjdtqw4kd64r61flydco Slides]
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/uwy5pxuq96ira873aij43gx7u69emv9b Video]
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| Fourth class assignment: Create a simple ontology using Protégé. Deadline: noon, 25 October.
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| ==October 15: Pain / Bruxism / Embryontology ==
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| Ontology of Pain
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/p1fn1n0ydvekzu3c5b3fc7q9vbgxh9a4 Slides] [https://buffalo.box.com/s/7jfap1h4mzn6yelve37dzjq0l7fp3jpt Video]
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| Bruxism
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/p9t9iuol7p1rtcuvkd2voogboh4vr5uy Slides]
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/7bhyo2l47re85ll6auf53a5xaj1b47f2 Video]
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| Embryontology
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/wmdfryxwrj59bb4mbyhwfaj0ez9g10z8 Slides]
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/7bhyo2l47re85ll6auf53a5xaj1b47f2 Video]
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| '''Readings:'''
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| :[http://ontology.buffalo.edu/smith/articles/pain.pdf "Ontology of Pain"]
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| :[http://ontology.buffalo.edu/smith/articles/embryontology.pdf "16 Days"]
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| Fifth class assignment: Create a plan for your presentation on December 3
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| ==October 22: Joint Doctrine Ontology / Building an Ethical Warfighter / Terrorism==
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| Joint Doctrine Ontology (JDO)
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/6jst6ri1hxljzz23gih5bench9ibkozh Slides] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rqrVmlHOqC4 Video]
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| Building an Ethical Warfighter
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/vsih0bbo3uj9t9if79yw8phlplbds2pi Slides] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sj_nKsGR-54 Video]
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| Ontology of Terrorism
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/edi8jqz4voaid8wcw21n4q9fb0n8xhrm Slides] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YeMWBt-rH8s Video]
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| '''Readings''':
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| :[http://www.jcs.mil/Portals/36/Documents/Doctrine/pubs/dictionary.pdf Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms]
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| :[http://stids.c4i.gmu.edu/papers/STIDS_2015_T01_Morosoff_etal.pdf P. Morossof et al., "Joint Doctrine Ontology: A Benchmark for Military Information Systems Interoperability" (2015)]
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| :[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328145335_From_Affective_Science_to_Psychiatric_Disorder_Ontology_as_a_Semantic_Bridge R. R. Larsen and J. Hastings, "From Affective Science to Psychiatric Disorder: Ontology as a Semantic Bridge" (2018)]
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| ==October 29: Top-Level Ontologies / The Six-Category Ontology / Truth and Maps==
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| Top-Level Ontologies
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/g0wvvijd47yxfcklxfoybkdzc1vaj0tn Slides] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P0gV0nCB0ng Video]
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| The Six-Category Ontology
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/gh9x7s4eu3qgpeg0fu2jf7gqor8t4zjh Slides] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pRY5AFTEWrA Video]
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| Truth and the Ontology of Maps
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/voymfa5vgmu2mc6721flo69l51ka5131 Slides] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jqqq7eBnZvE Video]
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| '''Readings:'''
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| :[http://www.inf.ed.ac.uk/teaching/courses/kmm/PDF/L7-DOLCE.pdf DOLCE: An Upper-Level Ontology]
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| :[http://www.adampease.org/OP/ SUMO Suggested Upper Merged Ontology]
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| :http://ncorwiki.buffalo.edu/index.php/Basic_Formal_Ontology_2.0 Basic Formal Ontology]
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| ==November 5: From Speech Acts to Document Acts / Social Agency / Deontics ==
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| From speech acts to document acts
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/2iueose1ii7l20bu50lmrofvh3l41c7x Slides] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5chInYVVypI Video]
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| Massively planned social agency
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/fcy56onfs5omtoqe7k3x95q8otkcguhs Slides] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n3V8UWby2Gw Video]
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| Deontic entities
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/xrpf0b84619qcxuvcdi08ri3ufhh9zp1 Slides] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g7vplac5JP0 Video]
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| ==November 12: Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning, Machine Learning / Money ==
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| :Overview of machine learning and other approaches to the exploitation of Big Data (presented by [https://krkeane.github.io/about/ Kevin Keane])
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| :Role of ontology in Data Science
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| :Ontology of money
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/4t7ilrkivp5j3po63fiyklv1uo0cxdwq Slides] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dHo-Tn_v8xM Video]
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| '''Readings''':
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| :[http://ontology.buffalo.edu/smith/articles/searle.pdf Barry Smith and John Searle (2003) "The Construction of Social Reality: An Exchange"]
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| :[http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~tom/mlbook/keyIdeas.pdf Tom Mitchell, "Key Ideas in Machine Learning"]
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| :[https://courses.csail.mit.edu/18.337/2015/docs/50YearsDataScience.pdf David Donoho, "50 years of Data Science"]
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| :[http://arxiv.org/abs/1801.00631 G. Marcus (2018), "Deep Learning: A Critical Appraisal"] | |
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| ==November 19: The Ontology of the Eruv ==
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| The Ontology of the Eruv
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/ovo1meikzduv4psbes8mkmqb3qvoce7e Slides] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hCJFGljz4PQ Video] | |
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| Reading:
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| :[https://philpapers.org/rec/KUMTOO The Ontology of Processes and Functions]
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| :[https://philpapers.org/archive/SMIOPA-3.pdf The Ontology of the Eruv]
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| ==November 26: Why computer science needs philosophy / Why I am not a Philosopher ==
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| Why computer science needs philosophy
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/ysavl3d65vyxke9tnt78u9jb7d3mk3pf Slides] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0yfhUt1LrIo Video]
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| Why I am not a philosopher
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/y74umhxrfod6jr5zhh9g659pgea2weld Slides] [https://youtu.be/e5zjZnbi-ZA Video]
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| ==December 3: Student Projects ==
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| 1:05pm Botan Dolun: The Metaphysics of States
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/rl2mo4l5uq43g6b2ypj9ka5gq3vyijuo Slides]
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| 1:20pm Angie Li: Ontology Representing Human Artificial Reproductive Technologies
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/s42d2e2ped7omg9u9964rx14v742plqy Slides]
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| 1:35pm Zihe Luo: The Music Ontology
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/1n5o83lwwep7k7p8t29584lci08gsgua Slides]
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| 1:50pm Jinwei Hu: Patient Conditions: Referent Tracking and Prognostic Terms
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/036e757j35vmyv6lnrd9duei47v6w4qr Slides]
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| 2:05pm Alexander Anderson: Quantum Realism
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/q7l143q7pp0vrww3cm6e7u6ikgusd7qj Slides]
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| 2:20pm Shyamashree Srinha: Opioid Use Disorder in the
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| Light of Ontology
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/392qu8r1zksf5ezww8zr1aejxa56log9 Slides]
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| 2:40pm William Mangione: The Drug Repurposing Ontology
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/xt1ho7gqfnshm2vg2txxgbs4ogxrx7lc Slides]
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| 3:00pm Jonathan Vajda: On the Relation Between a Biospecimen and its Source
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/5f9854k2zdu1qv8yq7vyg6a933d4ihrq Slides]
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| 3:20pm Eric Merrell: Ontology of Fictional Entities
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| [https://buffalo.box.com/s/g9hl0xcp934pe52mzy1m63b2tp7paei1 Slides]
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| 3:35pm Arlen Brickman: Defining Cancer
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| '''Background Reading:''' Robert Arp, Barry Smith and Andrew Spear, [https://mitpress.mit.edu/index.php?q=books/building-ontologies-basic-formal-ontology Building Ontologies with Basic Formal Ontology], Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, August 2015.
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| Jobst Landgrebe and Barry Smith, "[https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.02918.pdf Making AI Meaningful Again]", ''arXiv'', 2019.
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| '''Intelligence Analysis in Buffalo''': UB scientists are involved in a variety of projects in which intelligence analysis plays a role.
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|
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| == '''Schedule''' ==
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| == '''Provisional list of topics''' ==
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| :Ontology, AI and Robotics
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| :Services, Commodities, Infrastructure
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| :Product Life Cycle Ontology
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| :Ontology and Information Engineering in the Healthcare Domain
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| :The Science of Document Informatics
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| :Finance Ontology
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| :The Ontology of Plans
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| :Ontology of Military Logistics
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| :Ontology and Intelligence Analysis
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| :Ontology and Data Fusion
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| :Ontology of Terrorism | |
| ----
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| == '''Student Learning Outcomes''' ==
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|
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| |-
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| ! Program Outcomes/Competencies
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| ! Instructional Method(s)
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| ! Assessment Method(s)
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| |-
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| | The student will acquire a thorough knowledge of current ontology research in areas relating to engineering, data fusion, defense and intelligence
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| | Video lectures and online discussions
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| | Review of submitted online content and of participation in online discussion forum
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| |-
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| | The student will acquire experience in ontology development
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| | Video lectures and critique of successive drafts
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| | Review of results in the form of xsl spreadsheet or Protégé file
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| |-
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| | The student will acquire experience in communicating the results of work on ontology development
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| | Creation of youtube presentation and of associated documentation
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| | Review of results
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| |}
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| =='''Important dates'''==
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| {|
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| | Jan 28 || - first video released by Dr Smith at 9am
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| | Feb 20 || - about now start to discuss by email the content of your video and essay with Dr Smith
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| | Feb 28 || - submit a proposed title and abstract
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| | Mar 16 || - create a simple ontology using Protege
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| | Mar 31 || - submit a table of contents and 300 word summary plus draft of associated ppt slides
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| | Apr 27 || - submit penultimate draft of essay and powerpoint
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| | May 4 || - submit final version of essay and powerpoint and upload final version of video to youtube
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| |}
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| =='''Grading'''==
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| Grading will be based on two factors:
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| I: understanding and criticism of the videos presented in classes 1-13
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| All students are required to ingest the content of all videos and to take an active part in on-line discussions throughout the semester.
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| II: preparation of a youtube video and associated documentation (including powerpoint slides and essay).
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| Content and structure of the essay should be discussed with Dr Smith. Where the essay takes the form of the documentation of a specific ontology developed by the student it should include:
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| :Statement of scope of the ontology
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| :Summary of existing ontologies in the relevant domain
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| :Explanation of how your ontology differs from (or incorporates) these ontologies
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| :Screenshots of parts of the ontology with some examples of important terms and definitions
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| :Summaries of potential applications of the ontology
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| '''Grading Policy:''' Grading follows standard [http://grad.buffalo.edu/Academics/Policies-Procedures/Grading-Procedures.html Graduate School policies]. Grades will be weighted according to the following breakdown:
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| Weighting Assignment
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| :26% - video summaries (2% per summary)
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| :14% - forum participation
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| :20% - youtube video
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| :20% - powerpoint slides
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| :20% - essay / ontology content
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| '''Final Grades'''
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| Grade Quality Percentage
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| {|
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| | A || 4.0 || 93.0% -100.00%
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| |-
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| | A- || 3.67 || 90.0% - 92.9%
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| |-
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| | B+ || 3.33 || 87.0% - 89.9%
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| |-
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| | B || 3.00 || 83.0% - 86.9%
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| |-
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| | B- || 2.67 || 80.0% - 82.9%
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| |-
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| | C+ || 2.33 || 77.0% - 79.9%
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| |-
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| | C || 2.00 || 73.0% - 76.9%
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| |-
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| | C- || 1.67 || 70.0% - 72.9%
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| |-
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| | D+ || 1.33 || 67.0% - 69.9%
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| |-
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| | D || 1.00 || 60.0% - 66.9%
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| |-
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| | F || 0 || 59.9% or below
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| |}
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| An interim grade of Incomplete (I) may be assigned if the student has not completed all requirements for the course. An interim grade of 'I' shall not be assigned to a student who did not attend the course. The default grade accompanying an interim grade of 'I' shall be 'U' and will be displayed on the UB record as 'IU.' The default Unsatisfactory (U) grade shall become the permanent course grade of record if the 'IU' is not changed through formal notice by the instructor upon the student's completion of the course.
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| Assignment of an interim 'IU' is at the discretion of the instructor. A grade of 'IU' can be assigned only if successful completion of unfulfilled course requirements can result in a final grade better than the default 'U' grade. The student should have a passing average in the requirements already completed. The instructor shall provide the student specification, in writing, of the requirements to be fulfilled.
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| The university’s Graduate Incomplete Policy can be found [http://grad.buffalo.edu/study/progress/policylibrary.a-to-z.html#iugrade here].
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| =='''Related Policies and Services'''==
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| '''Academic integrity''' is a fundamental university value. Through the honest completion of academic work, students sustain the integrity of the university while facilitating the university's imperative for the transmission of knowledge and culture based upon the generation of new and innovative ideas. See http://grad.buffalo.edu/Academics/Policies-Procedures/Academic-Integrity.html.
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| '''Accessibility resources:''' If you have any disability which requires reasonable accommodations to enable you to participate in this course, please contact the Office of Accessibility Resources in 60 Capen Hall, 645-2608 and also the instructor of this course during the first week of class. The office will provide you with information and review appropriate arrangements for reasonable accommodations, which can be found on the web [http://www.buffalo.edu/studentlife/who-we-are/departments/accessibility.html here].
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| == '''Background Reading and Video Materials''' ==
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| *[http://ontology.buffalo.edu/smith/articles/ontologies.htm Ontology: An Introduction]
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| *[http://ontology.buffalo.edu/smith/articles/Horizontal-integration.pdf Horizontal Integration of Warfighter Intelligence Data]
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| *[http://ncorwiki.buffalo.edu/index.php/Ontology_for_Intelligence,_Defense_and_Security Ontology for Intelligence, Defense and Security (2012)]
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| *[http://ncorwiki.buffalo.edu/index.php/Introduction_to_Prot%C3%A9g%C3%A9 Intoduction to Protégé]
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| *[https://wiki.csc.calpoly.edu/OntologyTutorial/wiki/IntroductionToOntologiesWithProtege Protégé Tutorial]
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| *[http://protegewiki.stanford.edu/wiki/Protege4GettingStarted Getting Started with Protege 4].
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| *[http://owl.cs.manchester.ac.uk/tutorials/protegeowltutorial Matthew Horridge's Protege-OWL Tutorial].
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| *[http://militaryontology.org Military Ontology]
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| *[http://ontology.buffalo.edu/smith/ Streaming video presentations and training courses in ontology]
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| *[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877050913000690 Concept Analysis to Enrich Manufacturing Service Capability Models]
| |
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| *[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166361514000438 Supply Chain Management Ontology]
| |
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| *[http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40436-014-0073-2 Ontology-based interoperability solutions for textile supply chain]
| |
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| *[http://ontology.buffalo.edu/smith/articles/ontologies.htm Ontology: An Introduction]
| |
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| *[http://ontology.buffalo.edu/smith/articles/Horizontal-integration.pdf Horizontal Integration of Warfighter Intelligence Data]
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| *[http://ncorwiki.buffalo.edu/index.php/Ontology_for_Intelligence,_Defense_and_Security Ontology for Intelligence, Defense and Security (2012)]
| |
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| *[http://ncorwiki.buffalo.edu/index.php/Introduction_to_Prot%C3%A9g%C3%A9 Intoduction to Protégé]
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| *[https://wiki.csc.calpoly.edu/OntologyTutorial/wiki/IntroductionToOntologiesWithProtege Protégé Tutorial]
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| *[http://protegewiki.stanford.edu/wiki/Protege4GettingStarted Getting Started with Protege 4].
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| *[http://owl.cs.manchester.ac.uk/tutorials/protegeowltutorial Matthew Horridge's Protege-OWL Tutorial].
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| *[http://militaryontology.org Military Ontology]
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| *[http://ontology.buffalo.edu/smith/ Streaming video presentations and training courses in ontology]
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| | |
| *[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877050913000690 Concept Analysis to Enrich Manufacturing Service Capability Models]
| |
| | |
| *[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166361514000438 Supply Chain Management Ontology]
| |
| | |
| *[http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40436-014-0073-2 Ontology-based interoperability solutions for textile supply chain]
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