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[[Philosophy and Artificial Intelligence 2020 | Philosophy and Artificial Intelligence]]
[[Philosophy and Artificial Intelligence 2020 | Philosophy and Artificial Intelligence]]


'''Draft Schedule'''
'''Barry Smith'''


==Readings==
==Readings==
Line 39: Line 39:


==Thu May 14 15:30 - 18:15 3h==
==Thu May 14 15:30 - 18:15 3h==
:[https://arxiv.org/pdf/1906.05833.pdf There is no general AI]
:Wittgenstein and the Turing Test. Part 1
:[https://buffalo.box.com/v/Wittgenstein-Turing-1 Slides]
::The Turing test
::The Turing test
:::AI is a family of algorithms to automate repetitive events
:::AI is a family of algorithms to automate repetitive events
:::Deep neural networks have nothing to do with neurons
:::Deep neural networks have nothing to do with neurons
:::AI is not artificial intelligence; it is a branch of mathematics in which the attempt is made to use the Turing machine to its limits by using gigantically large amounts of data
:::AI is not artificial intelligence; it is a branch of mathematics in which the attempt is made to use the Turing machine to its limits by using gigantically large amounts of data
:[https://buffalo.box.com/s/6knt5u23f8zloxydvzp5q3c1dzbmimkf Slides]
:[https://arxiv.org/pdf/1906.05833.pdf Paper:There is no general AI]


Student presentations
Student presentations
:Carola Calabrese: Universal Intelligence - A definition of Machine intelligence
:Carola Calabrese: Universal Intelligence - A definition of Machine intelligence
:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6vkNtnO-pU&feature=youtu.be]
:Lorenzo Bucci: Making AI Meaningful Again
:Lorenzo Bucci: Making AI Meaningful Again
<!-- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F3ht5PUD_k8&t=414s] -->
:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F3ht5PUD_k8&t=414s]  
:Emanuele Martinelli: Minds, Brains and Programs
:Emanuele Martinelli: Minds, Brains and Programs
<!-- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SgXKm4SmMmU&feature=youtu.be -->
:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SgXKm4SmMmU&feature=youtu.be]
:Vinicius Emmanuel Bloise: The Limits of Machine Intelligence
:Vinicius Emmanuel Bloise: The Limits of Machine Intelligence
:[https://youtu.be/JdnfWAJG1Vo]
:Hrishikesh Gupta: Creativity and Artificial Intelligence
:Hrishikesh Gupta: Creativity and Artificial Intelligence
:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g5ZfhGxwzpo&feature=youtu.be]


==Fri May 15 15:30 - 18:15 3h==
==Fri May 15 15:30 - 18:15 3h==
:AI and Transhumanism: Can we download the contents of our brains onto a computer and become immortal?
:Wittgenstein and the Turing Test: Part 2
:https://buffalo.box.com/v/We-are-living-in-a-simulation Scott Adams: We are living in a simulation]
[https://buffalo.box.com/v/Wittgenstein-Turing-2 Slides]
::AI and the meaning of life:
<!-- Robert Nozick, David Steele in ''Scott Adams and Philosophy''
Ontology of the Eruv (why it would take all the fun out of real estate if everyone could live next door to John Lennon)
Massive social agency is what generates all good things (e.g. opera, football, ...) -- and requires authority and punishment -->
::[http://ontology.buffalo.edu/smith/articles/Matrix.pdf AI and ''The Matrix'']


Student presentations
Student presentations
:Elia Claudio Esposito: Rationality and Intelligence
:Elia Claudio Esposito: Rationality and Intelligence
:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EvUizRlkFGc]
:Wei Huang: Solomonoff Induction Violates Nicod's Criterion
:Wei Huang: Solomonoff Induction Violates Nicod's Criterion
:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-U_ykwl1bYA]
:Andrea dell'Orso: The Elephant Doesn't Play Chess
:Andrea dell'Orso: The Elephant Doesn't Play Chess
:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rgYGLG6mPU4&t=195s]
:Michael Denzler: Artificial Life and the Chinese Room Argument
:Michael Denzler: Artificial Life and the Chinese Room Argument
:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zNvT9PQ25Ks&feature=youtu.be]
:Fabiana Ballarin: Alan Turing and the Mathematical Objection
:Fabiana Ballarin: Alan Turing and the Mathematical Objection
:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J213zGYG064]
:Marco Marabello: In Defense of Truth: Skepticism, Morality, and The Matrix
:Marco Marabello: In Defense of Truth: Skepticism, Morality, and The Matrix
:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9W299mJ8TUU&feature=youtu.be]


==Tue May 19 14:30 - 17:15 3h==
==Tue May 19 14:30 - 17:15 3h==
:Wittgenstein and Turing. Part 3. Dialogue, Transhumanism and Identity: Can we download the contents of our brains onto a computer and become immortal?
:[https://buffalo.box.com/v/Wittgenstein-Turing-3 Slides]
::[https://buffalo.box.com/v/We-are-living-in-a-simulation Scott Adams: We are living in a simulation]
::AI and the meaning of life: <!-- Robert Nozick, David Steele in ''Scott Adams and Philosophy''
::Ontology of the Eruv (why it would take all the fun out of real estate if everyone could live next door to John Lennon)
::Massive social agency is what generates all good things (e.g. opera, football, ...) -- and requires authority and punishment -->
::[http://ontology.buffalo.edu/smith/articles/Matrix.pdf AI and ''The Matrix'']
:[https://buffalo.box.com/s/6knt5u23f8zloxydvzp5q3c1dzbmimkf Slides]
::Affordances and the background of Artificial Intelligence
::Affordances and the background of Artificial Intelligence
::[https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.02918.pdf Making AI Meaningful Again]
::[https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.02918.pdf Making AI Meaningful Again]
:The Emotion Ontology - Part 1
:[https://buffalo.box.com/v/Emotion-Ontology Slides]
::Applications of AI to intelligence analysis
::Applications of AI to intelligence analysis
:::Case study: using sentiment analysis for the prediction of terrorist radicalization
:::Case study: using sentiment analysis for the prediction of terrorist radicalization
Line 80: Line 96:
Student presentations
Student presentations
:Hrittik Roy: Theoretical Impediments to Machine Learning: The Role of Causal Modelling
:Hrittik Roy: Theoretical Impediments to Machine Learning: The Role of Causal Modelling
:Xintan Lin: The Basic AI Drives
:[https://youtu.be/7VjRGzr7PjU]
:David Limacher: Incorporating Ethics into Artificial Intelligence
:David Limacher: Incorporating Ethics into Artificial Intelligence
:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MijidS_EOfs&feature=youtu.be]
:Tommaso Soriani: Mind Embodied and Embedded
:Tommaso Soriani: Mind Embodied and Embedded
:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4unuPWSAZoc]
:André Garcia Gomez: What to Do with the Singularity Paradox
:André Garcia Gomez: What to Do with the Singularity Paradox
:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WzeEyoWmB7E&t=9s]


==Wed May 20 15:30 - 18:15 3h==
==Wed May 20 15:30 - 18:15 3h==
:[https://buffalo.box.com/v/Emotion-Ontology-2 Slides]
:Basic Emotions
:Aesthetic Emotions
:Disease Ontology
:Infectious Disease Ontology
:COVID-19 Ontology
:The problem of meaningful AI
:The problem of meaningful AI
::AI and intelligence analysis
::AI and intelligence analysis
Line 93: Line 119:
Student presentations:
Student presentations:
:Mauro Mario Gentile: Can Computer Based Human-Likeness Endanger Humanness?
:Mauro Mario Gentile: Can Computer Based Human-Likeness Endanger Humanness?
<!-- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LXvmRW5QMtE&feature=youtu.be] -->
:[https://youtu.be/LXvmRW5QMtE]
:Sebastian Obrist: Does Ontology Rest on a Mistake?
:Eric Tremolanti: Why Machine Ethics?
:Eric Tremolanti: Why Machine Ethics?
:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hLV7s16A0jk]
:Michael Mazourik: The Social Dilemma of Autonomous Vehicles
:Michael Mazourik: The Social Dilemma of Autonomous Vehicles
:Alessandro Cecconi: Which Symbol Grounding Problem Should We Try to Solve?
:Alessandro Cecconi: Which Symbol Grounding Problem Should We Try to Solve?
:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fHO_jmRjku0&feature=youtu.be]


==Tue May 26 14:30 - 17:15 3h==
==Tue May 26 14:30 - 17:15 3h==
:Driverless philosophy / Philosophy on rails
:Language+
::An Ontology of Terrorism
::Sentiment Analysis
::An Ontology of Language
::Language+Behaviour
::Language+Violence
:[https://buffalo.box.com/v/Language-Terrorism Slides]


==Wed May 27 14:30 - 17:15 3h==
==Wed May 27 14:30 - 17:15 3h==
:Dialogue with Jobst Landgrebe (Cognotekt, Cologne) on the Social Impact of AI  
:Dialogue with Jobst Landgrebe (Cognotekt, Cologne)  
:1. AI and the Mathematics of Complex Systems
:2. AI and the Ontology of Power
 
[https://buffalo.box.com/v/AI-Limits-and-Impact Slides]
 
Jobst Landgrebe is the founder and CEO of Cognotekt, GmBH, an AI company based in Cologne specialised in the design and implementation of holistic AI solutions. He has 16 years experience in AI field, 8 years as a management consultant and software architect. He has also worked as a physician and mathematician.


==Further Background Reading==
==Further Background Reading==
Line 114: Line 153:
:Jobst Landgrebe and Barry Smith, “[https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.02918.pdf Making AI Meaningful Again]”, ''Synthese'', DOI 10.1007/s11229-019-02192-y
:Jobst Landgrebe and Barry Smith, “[https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.02918.pdf Making AI Meaningful Again]”, ''Synthese'', DOI 10.1007/s11229-019-02192-y


==Advance Notice of 2021 '''Philosophy and Artificial Intelligence''' course==
==Advance Notice of [[Philosophy and Artificial Intelligence 2021]]==
 
'''Schedule'''
 
Monday February 22 2021 14:30 - 17:15 (3h)
 
Tuesday February 23 2021 14:30 - 17:15 (3h)
 
Wednesday February 24 2021 09:30 - 12:15 (3h)
 
Monday May  10 2021 09:30 - 12:15 (3h)
 
Tuesday May 11 2021 14:30 - 17:15 (3h)
 
Wednesday May 12 2021 09:30 - 12:15 (3h)
 
Monday May 17 2021 14:30 - 17:15 (3h)
 
Tuesday May 18 2021 14:30 - 17:15 (3h)
 
Wednesday May 19 2021 08:30 - 12:15 (4h)
 
'''Course Description'''
 
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the subfield of Computer Science devoted to developing programs that enable computers to display behavior that can (broadly) be characterised as intelligent. On the strong version, the ultimate goal of AI is to create an artificial system that is as intelligent as a human being. Recent striking successes such as AlphaGo have convinced many not only that this objective is obtainable but also that in a not too distant future machines will become even more intelligent than human beings.
 
The actual and possible developments in AI open up a series of striking questions such as:
 
*Can a computer have a conscious mind,
*Can it have desires and emotions?
*Would machine intelligence, if there is such a thing, be something comparable to human intelligence or something quite different?
 
In addition, these developments make it possible for us to consider a series of philosophical questions in a new light, including:
 
*What is personal identity? Could a machine have something like a personal identity? Would I really survive if the contents of my brain were uploaded to the cloud?
*What is it for a human to behave in an ethical manner? (Could there be something like machine ethics? Could machines used in fighting wars be programmed to behave ethically?)
*What is a meaningful life? If routine, meaningless work in the future is performed entirely by machines, will this make possible new sorts of meaningful lives on the part of humans?
 
After introducing the relevant ideas and tools from both AI and philosophy, all the aforementioned questions will be thoroughly addressed in class discussions following lectures by Drs Facchini and Smith and presentations of relevant papers by the students.

Latest revision as of 15:11, 23 September 2020

Philosophy and Artificial Intelligence

Barry Smith

Readings

“Making AI Meaningful Again” [1]

“There is no General AI” [2]

Wed Feb 19 13:30-17:15 4h

Introduction to philosophy for AI scientists
A practical problem -- the need for consistently curated data
How ontology can solve this problem
The history of philosophy from an ontological perspective
How philosophy can benefit AI science - the case of HL7
Slides

Thu Feb 20 09:30 - 12:15 3h

Searle's Chinese Room argument
Intelligence vs. consciousness
What is intelligence and what do intelligence tests measure?
Driverless philosophy: How data science can help
the history of philosophy
to make progress in philosophy
Readings:
There is no general AI
Humanness
Slides

Fri Feb 21 09:30 - 12:15 3h

The cycles of AI enthusiasm and AI winters
Making AI Meaningful Again
Basic Formal Ontology (ISO/IEC 21838-2)
Upper Level Ontologies
DOLCE
Slides

Thu May 14 15:30 - 18:15 3h

Wittgenstein and the Turing Test. Part 1
Slides
The Turing test
AI is a family of algorithms to automate repetitive events
Deep neural networks have nothing to do with neurons
AI is not artificial intelligence; it is a branch of mathematics in which the attempt is made to use the Turing machine to its limits by using gigantically large amounts of data
Paper:There is no general AI

Student presentations

Carola Calabrese: Universal Intelligence - A definition of Machine intelligence
[3]
Lorenzo Bucci: Making AI Meaningful Again
[4]
Emanuele Martinelli: Minds, Brains and Programs
[5]
Vinicius Emmanuel Bloise: The Limits of Machine Intelligence
[6]
Hrishikesh Gupta: Creativity and Artificial Intelligence
[7]

Fri May 15 15:30 - 18:15 3h

Wittgenstein and the Turing Test: Part 2

Slides

Student presentations

Elia Claudio Esposito: Rationality and Intelligence
[8]
Wei Huang: Solomonoff Induction Violates Nicod's Criterion
[9]
Andrea dell'Orso: The Elephant Doesn't Play Chess
[10]
Michael Denzler: Artificial Life and the Chinese Room Argument
[11]
Fabiana Ballarin: Alan Turing and the Mathematical Objection
[12]
Marco Marabello: In Defense of Truth: Skepticism, Morality, and The Matrix
[13]

Tue May 19 14:30 - 17:15 3h

Wittgenstein and Turing. Part 3. Dialogue, Transhumanism and Identity: Can we download the contents of our brains onto a computer and become immortal?
Slides
Scott Adams: We are living in a simulation
AI and the meaning of life:
AI and The Matrix
Slides
Affordances and the background of Artificial Intelligence
Making AI Meaningful Again
The Emotion Ontology - Part 1
Slides
Applications of AI to intelligence analysis
Case study: using sentiment analysis for the prediction of terrorist radicalization

Student presentations

Hrittik Roy: Theoretical Impediments to Machine Learning: The Role of Causal Modelling
[14]
David Limacher: Incorporating Ethics into Artificial Intelligence
[15]
Tommaso Soriani: Mind Embodied and Embedded
[16]
André Garcia Gomez: What to Do with the Singularity Paradox
[17]

Wed May 20 15:30 - 18:15 3h

Slides
Basic Emotions
Aesthetic Emotions
Disease Ontology
Infectious Disease Ontology
COVID-19 Ontology
The problem of meaningful AI
AI and intelligence analysis
The Cognitive Process Ontology
Warrant

Student presentations:

Mauro Mario Gentile: Can Computer Based Human-Likeness Endanger Humanness?
[18]
Eric Tremolanti: Why Machine Ethics?
[19]
Michael Mazourik: The Social Dilemma of Autonomous Vehicles
Alessandro Cecconi: Which Symbol Grounding Problem Should We Try to Solve?
[20]

Tue May 26 14:30 - 17:15 3h

Language+
An Ontology of Terrorism
Sentiment Analysis
An Ontology of Language
Language+Behaviour
Language+Violence
Slides

Wed May 27 14:30 - 17:15 3h

Dialogue with Jobst Landgrebe (Cognotekt, Cologne)
1. AI and the Mathematics of Complex Systems
2. AI and the Ontology of Power

Slides

Jobst Landgrebe is the founder and CEO of Cognotekt, GmBH, an AI company based in Cologne specialised in the design and implementation of holistic AI solutions. He has 16 years experience in AI field, 8 years as a management consultant and software architect. He has also worked as a physician and mathematician.

Further Background Reading

Jordan Peterson's Essay Writing Guide
Gerald J. Erion and Barry Smith, “In Defense of Truth: Skepticism, Morality, and The Matrix”, in W. Irwin (ed.), Philosophy and The Matrix, La Salle and Chicago: Open Court, 2002, 16–27.
Max More and Natasha Vita-More (Eds.), The Transhumanist Reader: Classical and Contemporary Essays on the Science, Technology, and Philosophy of the Human Future, Wiley-Blackwell, 2013.
Jobst Landgrebe and Barry Smith, “Making AI Meaningful Again”, Synthese, DOI 10.1007/s11229-019-02192-y

Advance Notice of Philosophy and Artificial Intelligence 2021

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