Ontology 101
- Ontology illustration
- BFO+
- stasis
- process profile
- process characteristic
- capability
- system
- GDC role / GDC function
stasis
process profile
process characteristic (defined class) the counterpart of ‘quality’ for processes
Capability: disposition whose realizations are associated with the satisfaction of some interest on the part of some organism or group of organisms.
System
- Core definition: object aggregate whose members interact
- Call the members of an object aggregate elements of the system
- Where object a interacts with object b =def there is some process in which both a and b participate
- Extended definition: systems can themselves be elements of higher-order systems
- GDC role / GDC function
- realism
- Top-Level Ontology and hub-spokes approach
- universal / instance
- singular nouns
- mass nouns
- material entities https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matter
- specific dependence
- generic dependence GDC, ICE
- copyable patterns, concretizations
- dispositions and qualities
- capabilities and functions
- qualities have layers, e.g. colored vs. red
- roles
- the all-some rule
- single inheritance
- the Aristotle definition of substance rule
- the universal quantification rule (why you can't say 'Tylenol pill' is a 'pill which cures headache')
- the no-multiple-inheritance rule (asserted vs. inferred)
Ontology Pitfall Scanner: https://oops.linkeddata.es/catalogue.jsp
Definitions and axioms in first-order logic must be kept separate from each other: the definition of a term x is designed to be the shortest and logically simplest specification of necessary and sufficient conditions for being and instance of x. The axioms specify additional distinguishing marks which are seen as holding for all such instances. The advantages of this strategy are: 1. definitions are easy to understand and easy to apply, 2. definitions are more stable in the sense that new kinds of x might be discovered, or might evolve, which falsify one or other axiom, but still satisfy the definition.
